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1992-03-06
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@4 The Hobbit
From Leningrad with love @2
This is the Soviet Union and it's September 1990. There are no
copyright or royalty laws so if you want something you just make or
copy it. When Michail and Dmitri needed to produce a computer for the
Soviet educational market they chose the Spectrum, but instead of
simply cloning it they added a list of features that would show up
some western PCs.
Dmitri explained - "In Leningrad, many people get out their
soldering irons and make there own computers. It's the only way. The
spectrum is the most well documented computer in the Soviet Union, so
that is where most people start - there are now at least 20 different
Spectrum clones in Leningrad alone, so when we wanted to build an
educational computer it was the obvious place to start. A western PC
costs 60,000 roubles to buy in the Soviet Union, you see, and even a
Spectrum costs 40,000! At 250 roubles a month, that's just too much."
As to why the Spectrum is so well known in the Soviet Union, well,
just think of the size of it (especially one of our rubber keyed
chums). What would you want to smuggle through customs - a C64 or
something you could hide in the lining of your jacket? (It's quite
obvious really.) @4
School prize @2
Over 15,000 Hobbits have been produced so far and they are used
exclusively in schools. The basic machine comes with two 5.25 inch
disk drives, networking and more ports than the south coast.
Games players will be chuffed to know that there are three joystick
ports on the back. One is Kempston compatible and the other two are
Sinclair. A built-in Rom routine allows the transfer of tape programs
to disk, and any TV or standard Pc monitor can be plugged straight in.
The memory is 64K (though you can switch to 48 mode if you want).
@4
So what is it like to use? @2
Well we powered it up to take a look. Right, switch it on and.........
a-ha! There's the familiar Spectrum screen.....but (of course) it's in
Russian! A single key press and you can put it back to Uncle Clives'
more familiar English message. In fact, to make it east for any
country to use, the single key press can take the Hobbit from the
Russian Cyrillic script to the Western Roman alphabet or anything else
you fancy (once you've loaded it in). Another key press and we could
be in Arabic!
The full sizes 74 keyboard is as comfortable to type on as any
conventional PC (and far better than the crappy little things most
Speccies are lumbered with) though the dual Roman/Cyrillic markings on
the keys were quite confusing to use. Still, that's only a problem if
you're a crappy typist like most of us lot - a touch typist!
As for what the computer looks like, well it's sort of off white, a
bit plasticy and rather basic looking, but it still manages to look a
lot more sophisticated than most Speccies. In fact, it's all a bit
reminiscent of a Lada really - an old (but perfectly good in its time)
western design, spiced up and improved a bit in the Soviet Union. Of
course, with Ladas they then brought the thing full circle and sold it
back to us! Could the same thing happen with the Hobbit? (Read on.)
@4
But how compatible is it with spectrum programs? @2
Well, the Hobbit claims full compatibility with all speccy stuff,
legally programmed or otherwise (though of course in the amount of
time we had to spend with it we couldn't really judge how true this
is). There's no real reason to doubt it though - a quick look at the
workings inside show there's a good deal of Uncle Clive's original
bits and pieces in there!
The Hobbit comes with a built in diagnostic program monitor and
assembler/disassembler that will make life simple for those who like
to interfere with their programs. Spectrum Basic is supported and
there's a Soviet version of CP/M (called Beta) included too, which
should open up a whole world of business software to the Hobbit. The
educational theme is continued with the inclusion of the graphic and
list processing language, LOGO, and provision for including Pascal, C,
and Forth on plug in Roms.
In Leningrad, where the Hobbit is used in many of the schools, the
networking abilities mean that students can do their work and hand it
in to the teacher's 'master' Hobbit or PC via the network.
The teacher can also monitor what is going on on any other machine,
and in the event of one crashing any other Hobbit on the net can be
used to revive it and recover files from it. It's a feature that is
especially useful in program development because it allows a teacher
to examine the crashed machine to see the state of various registers.
@4
How about games and magazines though? If the Hobbit is mainly used in
schools, is there any interest in that sort of thing.? @2
The ability to write and software is important behind the Iron
Curtain. With a few western games, peripherals, or magazines getting
through, home grown software is valuable currency.
The quality and quantity of computer publications in the USSR is
next to zero. Michail said, "The one computer magazine published in
the USSR is dry and corporate. We would like a magazine like Your
Sinclair that has more life in it."
But is this all really just of curiosity value, or will we ever
actually ever see the Hobbit sold in the UK? Well maybe. Michail
confirmed that though they do actually hope to launch the Hobbit in
Europe and the Third World, so who knows what may happen?
@7
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@4
THE HOBBITS SPECS
The Hobbit @2
* Keyboard and processor in a single unit
* Twin 5.25 floppies
* Power supply unit
* Built in TV/monitor/colour card @4
Processor @2
* Z80A running at 3.5MHz
* 64K of addressed memory
* Operating system ROM (16/8/0K RAM used depending on configuration)
* 64K RAM (48, 54, or 64K including 6.5K screen memory)
@4
Interfaces @2
* System bus (accessible)
* Parallel port (Centronix)
* RS232 port
* Three joystick ports (two Sinclair, one Kempston)
@4
Keyboard @2
* 74 key including 33 reprogrammable (soft) keys
* Support of Cyrillic/Roman/Arabic alphabets
@4
Disk controller@2
* All types of SS/DD and DS/DD drives (maximum of four on each
machine). Hard disk supported by patching disk operating system.
@4
Power supply unit @2
* Independent 5v at 1.5A on 220-240v 50/60Hz mains power (consumption
7.5 watts)
@4
Video adapter card @2
* 256x192 pixels
* 24x32 characters in text mode
* 15 colours
* 80 column by 24 lines emulating CP/M supports colour/ mono TV
* TTL PC monitor
@4
Peripherals @2
* Up to four disk drives, including two supplied with each Hobbit
* Cassette recorder
* Printer (serial or parallel)
* Joystick
* Lightpen
* Mouse
@4
Software @2
* Inbuilt BASIC/LOGO
* Network drivers (100K Baud)
* BETA (CP/M clone)
* Sockets for ROM operating systems (Pascal, Forth, C)
* Fully Spectrum software compatible
@7
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